LGBT Direct Action Bibliography, Chronology, and Inventory, 1973 – Marc Stein – March 2023

B = businesses

E = electoral politics, including politicians, public officials, and political parties

G = gay-ins and other LGBT gatherings

I = military, militarism, war

J = jails and prisons

M = media (newspapers, magazines, film, radio, television), arts, and culture

N = national, state, and local government policies and buildings, including courts

O = police

P = pride events, marches, parades, and protests

Q = LGBT targets, including organizations and businesses

R = religion, religious institutions, and religious policies

S = science, medicine, psychology, and psychiatry

U = universities, colleges, schools, and educational institutions

X = miscellaneous

1973

20 January 1973: GAA-DC and other LGBT group participation in antiwar march (300 participants). Primary sources: Cade Ware and Perrin Shaffer, “Nation’s Last War Protest Includes Gays,” GAY, 12 Mar. 1973, 1, 4. [I]

20 January 1973: GLF-San Diego participation in antiwar march (50-100 participants). Primary sources: “San Diego Gays in Peace March,” The Advocate, 14 Feb. 1973, 9. [I]

29 January 1973: Gay Raiders zap at Independence Hall (3-4 participants). Primary sources: “‘Raider’ Unshackled at Independence Hall,” Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, 29 Jan. 1973; “In a Gay Liberation Protest,” Philadelphia Inquirer, 30 Jan. 1973, 3C; “Gays Zap Bell’s Home,” The Advocate, 28 Feb. 1973, 28; “Activist Chains Self in Independence Hall,” GAY, 12 Mar. 1973, 8; “Tonight Show Zapped by Gay Raider,” The Advocate, 28 Mar. 1973, 3. [N]

5 February 1973: Threatened GAA-NY zap of the Jack Paar Show on ABC (leading to 8 March program with gay activists). Primary sources: Art Peters, “‘Gay Lib’ Jokes Are Hardly a Laughing Matter,” Philadelphia Inquirer, 26 Jan. 1973, D1; “Homosexual Group Gets Its Say on the Paar Show,” New York Times, 3 Feb. 1973, 59; “GAA Fights Media Oppression,” Gay Activist, Mar. 1973, 1; Gaylord, “Bits and Pieces,” Gay Scene, Mar. 1973, 9; “News Briefs,” Gay Activist, Apr. 1973, 1. [M]

16 February 1973: GAA-NY demonstration and sit-in against Marcus Welby, M.D. program on ABC (17-40 participants; 6 arrests). Primary sources: Albin Krebs, “‘Welby Is Scored by Gay Activists,” New York Times, 17 Feb. 1973, 6; “Gay Activists Win A.B.C. Concessions,” New York Times, 21 Feb. 1973, 87; “Marcus Welby Stands Pat,” Mattachine Midwest Newsletter, 2 Mar. 1973, 6; John J. Miller, “Memo from John J. Miller,” San Francisco Examiner, 4 Mar. 1973, 244; “Out of the Closet,” TIME 5 Mar. 1973, 80; Randy Wicker and Martin St. John, “TV Show Sets Off Steam,” The Advocate, 14 Mar. 1973, 1, 23; “GAA Fights Media Oppression,” Gay Activist, Mar. 1973, 1; “Judge Drops ABC Zap Charges,” The Advocate, 11 Apr. 1973, 15; “News Briefs,” Gay Activist, Apr. 1973, 2. [M]

20 February 1973: LGBT demonstration against Marcus Welby, M.D. program at Los Angeles County Medical Association (25 participants). Primary sources: “Gays Call Marcus Welby ‘Sick,’” Lesbian Tide, Mar. 1973, 11. [M] [S]

27 February 1973: Gay Raiders “lock-in” to protest anti-LGBT discrimination at the Philadelphia United Fund (1 participant). Primary sources: “United Fund Staff Locked in Offices during Segal Zap,” The Advocate, 28 Mar. 1973, 3, 22; Randy Wicker, “The Wicker Report,” GAY, 18 June 1973, 4. [X]

3 March 1973: LGBT demonstration against anti-lesbian discrimination at Tiffany’s bar in Detroit (30 participants). Primary sources: “Zap!” Gay Liberator, Apr. 1973, 1; “Bits & Pieces,” Gay Liberator, Aug. 1974, 6. [B] [Q]

6 March 1973: Gay Raiders zap of Johnny Carson and The Tonight Show on NBC in Burbank, California (1 participant, 1 arrest). Primary sources: “It’s A Washout for Gay Activist,” Philadelphia Inquirer, 14 Mar. 1973, B8; “Tonight Show Zapped by Gay Raider,” The Advocate, 28 Mar. 1973, 3; Randy Wicker, “The Wicker Report,” GAY, 18 June 1973, 4. [M]

12 March 1973: March and rally against police harassment and Hilton Hotels in San Francisco (15 participants). Primary sources: “S.F. Hilton Gets Taste of Broshears,” The Advocate, 11 Apr. 1973, 15. [O] [B]

12-18 March 1973: GAA-Philadelphia demonstrations against sexism, racism, and anti-trans discrimination at the Steps. Primary sources: “Bar Pickets Charge Discrimination,” The Advocate, 11 Apr. 1973, 24. [B] [B] [B] [B] [B] [B] [B] [Q] [Q] [Q] [Q] [Q] [Q] [Q]

13 March 1973: Gay Raiders zap at NBC Studios in Burbank, California (2 participants; 2 arrests). Primary sources: “2 Gays Arrested at NBC-Burbank,” The Advocate, 11 Apr. 1973, 15; Randy Wicker, “The Wicker Report,” GAY, 18 June 1973, 4. [M]

4 April 1973: GAA-NY and Lesbian Liberation Committee dance-in at the Rainbow Grill (8 participants). Primary sources: “Bits and Pieces,” Gay Scene, Mar. 1973, 18; Earl Wilson, “Gay Lib Wins in A Waltz,” New York Daily News, 5 Apr. 1973, 30; Randy Wicker, “R.C.A.’s Rainbow Room Integrated,” GAY, 7 May 1973, 14, 15; “Gays Waltz in Rainbow Room,” Gay Scene, May 1973, 15. [B]

5 April 1973: GAA-DC sit-in at police headquarters (15 participants, 3 arrests). Primary sources: “3 Arrested in Sit-In Against D.C. Police,” The Advocate, 9 May 1973, 1; Cade Ware and Perrin Shaffer, “Activists Arrested in D.C. Police Office,” GAY, 21 May 1973, 17; “D.C. Trio Guilty without Sentence,” The Advocate, 7 Nov. 1973, 8. [O]

7 April 1973: Gay pride march in Cincinnati (50 participants). Primary sources: “Cincinnati Group Celebrates Pride Week with Parade,” The Advocate, 9 May 1973, 12. [P]

11 April 1973: LGBT zap at Western Psychological Association convention in Anaheim (2-5 participants). Primary sources: “Shock Device Booth Zapped at Conference,” The Advocate, 9 May 1973, 9. [S]

20 April 1973: Gay Alliance zap against Pacific Telephone and Telegraph in San Francisco. Primary sources: Gerald Hansen, “Telephone Company Warned by Activists,” GAY, 12 Feb. 1973, 1, 5; George Mendenhall, “Bans Gays, Gets Brotherhood Award,” The Advocate, 9 May 1973, 3; “Ma Bell Zapped in San Francisco,” The Advocate, 23 May 1973, 5. [B]

23 April 1973: Radical Women and GLF-Seattle demonstration at police headquarters against police violence (40-50 participants). Primary sources: “Police Beating of Gay Woman Triggers Protests in Seattle,” The Advocate, 6 June 1973, 10. [O]

27 April 1973: LGBT demonstration against antigay police harassment and entrapment at Detroit’s Traffic Court (20 participants). Primary sources: “Twenty People,” Gay Liberator, June 1973, 2. [O] [N]

30 April 1973: GAA-NY demonstration at City Council meeting (30 participants; 10 arrests). Primary sources: Edward Ranzal, “10 Gay Activists Are Seized in City Hall,” New York Times, 1 May 1973, 53. [N]

1 May 1973: LGBT zap against Pacific Telephone and Telegraph in San Francisco. Primary sources: “Ma Bell Zapped in San Francisco,” The Advocate, 23 May 1973, 5. [B]

3 May 1973: GAA-NY demonstration at Inner Circle dinner at Hilton Hotel (300-500 participants). Primary sources: “Gay Activists Say Police Hamper Protest Plan,” New York Times, 28 Feb. 1973, 83; “Remember the Inner Circle: 300 Picket This Year,” The Advocate, 28 Mar. 1973, 2; Leo Skir, “Return to the Inner Circle: A Year Later,” GAY, 9 Apr. 1973, 1, 12; “Police Ban on Pickets May Lead to Test Case,” The Advocate, 11 Apr. 1973, 2; “News Briefs,” Gay Activist, Apr. 1973, 1; “The Outer Circle,” Gay Liberator, Apr. 1973, 3. [B] [M]

5 May 1973: Radical Woman and GLF-Seattle demonstration at home of Seattle police chief (60 participants). Primary sources: “Police Beating of Gay Woman Triggers Protests in Seattle,” The Advocate, 6 June 1973, 10. [O]

6 May 1973: Gay pride rally and march in Columbus (150 participants). Primary sources: “Plan Ahead,” Gay Liberator, Apr. 1973, 3; “Gay Pride Shorts,” Gay Liberator, July 1973, 4. [P]

7 May 1973: Gay Raiders zap of The Mike Douglas Show in Philadelphia (1 participant). Primary sources: Judy Bachrach, “Gay Interruption Saddens Douglas,” Philadelphia Inquirer, 8 May 1973, B4; Larry Fields, “Pacino, Weld Play House,” Philadelphia Daily News, 8 May 1973, 43; Richard A. Rusinow, “‘Raider’ Hits Mike Douglas Show,” GAY, 18 June 1973, 1; Randy Wicker, “The Wicker Report,” GAY, 18 June 1973, 4, 15; “Sneaky Segal Zaps Again!” The Advocate, 20 June 1973, 3. [M]

20 May 1973: Illinois Gays for Legislation Action demonstration at 44^th Ward Assembly’s fundraising fair in Chicago (30 participants). Primary sources: “Chicago Rights Law Backers Hopeful,” The Advocate, 29 Aug. 1973, 7. [E]

26 May 1973: Gay Caucus of Youth Against War and Fascism demonstration against advice columnist Ann Landers at her Chicago home (27 participants). Primary sources: Larry Gulian, “Gays March on Ann Landers,” Chicago Gay Crusader, June 1973, 4. [M]

May 1973: Gay Students Association zap of University of Washington psychology class (7 participants). Primary sources: “Seattle Psychology Class Zapped,” The Advocate, 20 June 1973, 20. [U] [S]

4 June 1973: LGBT demonstrations at Ann Arbor City Council meetings and the homes of Republican City Council members before and after vote against gay pride week proclamation (60-70 participants). Primary sources: “City Council Zap,” Gay Liberator, July 1973, 1. [N] [E]

10 June 1973: Gay pride rally and march in Philadelphia (700-2000 participants). Primary sources: Larry Fields, “Schwartz Hedges Picket Fence,” Philadelphia Daily News, 6 June 1973, 57; “Police Shield Schwartz from ‘Gay for a Day’ Prize,” Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, 7 June 1973, 51; Helen Blue, “Hundreds of Gay Libbers March in Midcity Parade,” Philadelphia Daily News, 11 June 1973, 12; Jack Booth, “Gay Lib Rally in Rittenhouse Square Turns Some On and Turns Some Off,” Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, 11 June 1973, 9; Bunky Flagler, “Gays Celebrate with Pride,” Philadelphia Inquirer, 11 June 1973, B1; “Philly Parade Turnout Drops,” The Advocate, 4 July 1973, 3; “Celebration of Gay Life,” Gay Alternative (no. 4), c. July 1973, 36; Mathew Grande, “Philadelphia Gay Pride 1973,” Gay Alternative, c. Aug. 1973 (no. 5), 4-5, 31. [P]

16 June 1973: Gay pride parade in Boston (300 participants). Primary sources: Paul Kneeland, “300 Begin Gay Pride Week with Parade,” Boston Globe, 17 June 1973, 10; “New England Gay Pride Parade,” Boston Gayline, Aug. 1973, 4; Donald Stanley Meuse, “Working Together for Liberation,” Boston Gayline, Aug. 1973, 5. [P]

17 June 1973: Gay pride parades in Pittsburgh (60 participants) and “gay-in” in Berkeley (300 participants). Primary sources: “Gay-In Marks Pride Week in Berkeley,” The Advocate, 20 June 1973, 8; Paul Stavanger, “Ho Chi Minh Park Glows on Gay Day,” Berkeley Barb, 22 June 1973, 8; “Pittsburgh Paraders Fling Rusty Closet Doors Open,” The Advocate, 18 July 1973, 4. [P] [G]

23 June 1973: Gay pride parade in Atlanta (150 participants) and gay pride demonstration and rally in Portland, Oregon (50 people). Primary sources: “Georgians Plan Pride Week,” The Advocate, 9 May 1973, 13; Richard Fortune, “Atlanta Pride Week Enthusiastic, Eventful,” The Advocate, 18 July 1973, 4; “And Elsewhere,” Gay Liberator, Aug. 1973, 1. [P] [P]

24 June 1973: Gay pride parades in Chicago (2,000-3,000 participants), Miami Beach, New York (3,000-20,000 participants), and San Francisco (2,000-40,000 participants). Primary sources: “San Francisco Parade: Yes, But Who’s on First?” The Advocate, 14 Mar. 1973, 9, 16; “‘72 S.F. Parade Organizers Trade Fund Misuse Charges,” The Advocate, 11 Apr. 1973, 13; “Broshears to Solicit for Parade,” The Advocate, 25 Apr. 1973, 19; “Endorsements, Resignations for S.F. Parade Board,” The Advocate, 9 May 1973, 17; “Separate Celebrations Set: 2 Kinds of Gay Pride in S.F.?” The Advocate, 23 May 1973, 4; “Wider Support Appears for N.Y. Pride Celebration,” The Advocate, 23 May 1973, 3; John Paul Hudson, “New York Notes,” The Advocate, 23 May 1973, 26; “S.F. Parade Plans, Rivalry Both Grow,” The Advocate, 6 June 1973, 19; “Broshears’ Fete to Span Plaza,” The Advocate, 6 June 1973, 19; Thea Thunderthighs, “Bay Area to Bloom for Gay Pride Week,” Berkeley Barb, 8 June 1973, 11; “S.F. Pride Week Fair Permit Denied,” The Advocate, 20 June 1973, 7; “N.Y. Parade Planners Believe 20,000 May Turn Out June 24,” The Advocate, 20 June 1973, 3; “Christopher Street South Planned in Miami Beach,” The Advocate, 20 June 1973, 17; Arthur Evans, “Gay Pride Affirms Will to Resist,” The Advocate, 20 June 1973, 37; “Major Pride Celebration for Chicago,” The Advocate, 20 June 1973, 27; “Parade Places, Times,” Berkeley Barb, 22 June 1973, 8; John Darnton, “Homosexuals March Down 7^th Avenue,” New York Times, 25 June 1973, 21; “Thousands in Gay Lib Celebration,” New York Post, 25 June 1973; “A Sunny Gay Parade in the City,” San Francisco Chronicle, 25 June 1973, 3; Arthur Bell, “Hostility Comes Out of the Closet,” Village Voice, 28 June 1973, 1, 16, 18; Richard Boxer, “Parade Points Way,” Berkeley Barb, 29 June 1973, 3; “History of Gay Pride Week,” Chicago Gay Crusader, June 1973, 2; “Announcing Gay Pride Week 1973,” Chicago Gay Crusader, June 1973, 1; “Optimism High for S.F. Fetes,” The Advocate, 4 July 1973, 16; “Miami Parade Gets Rained Out,” The Advocate, 18 July 1973, 4; Gerald Hansen, “Color, Joy in San Francisco,” The Advocate, 18 July 1973, 3, 24; “NYC Area Celebrates Many Ways,” The Advocate, 18 July 1973, 19; Randy Wicker, “Gays Pour Through New York,” The Advocate, 18 July 1973, 3, 5; Don Dunfee, “3000 Brave Heat for Chicago Pride Parade,” The Advocate, 18 July 1973, 6, 19; “Gay Glory 1973,” Chicago Gay Crusader, July 1973, 1, 4, 10, 14; “In Chicago Gay Pride 1973,” Mattachine Midwest Newsletter, July 1973, 4-5; “Behind the Lines on Gay Pride Sunday,” GAY, Aug. 1973, 3; “Gay Day 73!” GAY, Aug. 1973, 12-13; “NYC Gay Pride,” Gay Liberator, Aug. 1973, 4; Karla Jay, “The Decline and Fall of an Idealist or Why Ain’t I Marching Anymore,” Lesbian Tide, Aug. 1973, 10, 23-25; “Drags & TV’s Join the March,” Drag (3.11), c. Aug. 1973, 4-11, 44; Bob McCarroll, letter to the editor, Drag (3.11), c. Aug. 1973, 40; Dan Sherbo, “The Alternative Rap,” Gay Alternative, c. Aug. 1973 (no. 5), 3; “Chicago Gay Pride March,” Gay Scene, Aug. 1973, 5; Sara Thompson, “Politics of Drag,” Lavender Woman, Aug. 1973, 13; “NYC Gay Pride,” Gay Liberator, Aug. 1973, 1; “Gay Parade,” Gay Activist, Oct. 1973. [P] [P] [P] [P]

29 June 1973: Lesbian Pride demonstration at the Ann Arbor Public Library and Gay Pride march from Michigan Union to Ann Arbor City Hall. Primary sources: “Lesbian Pride/Gay Pride,” Gay Liberator, July 1973, 4. [N] [P]

30 June 1973: Gay pride parades in Dallas (200-1200 participants), Detroit (200 participants), and Minneapolis (100 participants). Primary sources: “Dallas Law Won’t Stop Gays,” The Advocate, 14 Feb. 1973, 17; “Michigan Gay Pride Week ’73,” Gay Liberator, Apr. 1973, 11; “Okies to Join Dallas Parade on June 30,” The Advocate, 20 June 1973, 17; “The Christopher Street Story,” Gay Liberator, June 1973, 1; “Michigan Gay Pride Week,” Gay Liberator, June 1973, 12-13; “Lesbian Pride/Gay Pride,” Gay Liberator, July 1973, 4; Rob Shivers, “Not So Big D,” The Advocate, 1 Aug. 1973, 3; “Minneapolis Rally Hears School Chief,” The Advocate, 1 Aug. 1973, 3; Don Gaudard, “Taking Our Rights,” Gay Liberator, Aug. 1973, 10-11; Rachele Fruit, “Red, Gay & Proud,” Gay Liberator, Aug. 1973, 10-11; Don Mager, “Revolutions Begin Within,” Gay Liberator, Aug. 1973, 10-11. [P] [P] [P]

7 July 1973: Atlanta Lesbian Feminist Alliance demonstration against media censorship and employment discrimination at Atlanta Journal Constitution (15 participants). Primary sources: “Atlanta Lesbians Picket Paper,” The Advocate, 1 Aug. 1973, 2. [M]

17 July 1973: GAA-SF demonstration against Pacific Telephone employment discrimination at California Public Utilities Commission (15 participants). Primary sources: “‘Zapping’ the Utilities,” San Francisco Chronicle, 18 July 1973, 5. [B] [N]

18-27 July 1973: First in a series of six Minnesota Gay Activists demonstrations against employment discrimination at Northwestern Bell Telephone in Minneapolis (6-20 participants). Primary sources: “Battle of Ma Bell Spreads to Minnesota,” The Advocate, 29 Aug. 1973, 14. [B] [B] [B] [B] [B] [B]

26 July 1973: LGBT demonstration at screening of The Boys in the Band at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (12 participants). Primary source: “Battling ‘Boys in the Band,’” Gay Liberator, Sep. 1973, 1. [M] [U]

2 August 1973: Minnesota Gay Activists demonstrations against employment discrimination at Northwestern Bell Telephone in St. Paul (12 participants). Primary sources: “Battle of Ma Bell Spreads to Minnesota,” The Advocate, 29 Aug. 1973, 14. [B]

9 August 1973: Gay Activists Alliance march and demonstration against police harassment in New York (300 participants). Primary sources: Steven R. Weisman, “Homosexuals Get Police Promises,” New York Times, 10 Aug. 1973, 35; “Gotham Cops To Be Nicer(!),” The Advocate, 12 Sept. 1973, 3; “Village Crackdown Whiplashes Gays,” The Advocate, 26 Sept. 1973, 3. [O]

26 August 1973: Lesbian Feminist Liberation demonstration against sexism at the Museum of Natural History in New York (100 participants). Primary sources: John Darnton, “Rallies Muted as Women End Suffrage Celebration,” New York Times, 27 Aug. 1973, 59; Vittoria Repetto, “Women’s Day: Lavender Dinosaur Was A Ms.,” The Advocate, 26 Sep. 1973, 2; “Zapping the Intellectual Wing of the Oppressive Bird Brain Establishment,” Sisters, Sep. 1973, 12; Judy Burns and Robyn Lutzky, “LFL Zaps Museum of Natural History,” The Lesbian Feminist, Oct. 1973, 1, 2, 6, 7. [M] [S]

4 October 1973: LGBT demonstration against police harassment in Los Angeles (40 participants). Primary sources: “Angry Gays March on Hollywood Cops,” The Advocate, 24 Oct. 1973, 3. [O]

9 October 1973: Gay Raiders demonstration at District Attorney’s office in Philadelphia City Hall (12-15 participants). Primary sources: “Gay Raiders Strike D.A.,” Philadelphia Daily News, 10 Oct. 1973, 29; “Specter Says He Backs Rights of Gay People,” Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, 10 Oct. 1973; “District Attorney Arlen Specter,” Philadelphia Inquirer, 10 Oct. 1973, B2; “Gay Raiders Storm,” Philadelphia Inquirer, 20 Oct. 1973. [E] [N]

14 October 1973: Gay Awareness Women’s Kollective demonstration against Rubaiyst bar/restaurant in Ann Arbor. Primary sources: “Lesbian Attacked; Hit City for Inaction,” Gay Liberator, Nov. 1973, 2; “Protest Closes Council,” Gay Liberator, Apr. 1974, 1. [B]

20 October 1973: National Lesbian Kiss-In at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (100 participants). Primary sources: “Lesbian Kiss-In Last Saturday,” Los Angeles Free Press, 26 Oct. 1973, 26; “Women at Kiss-In,” Sisters, Nov. 1973, cover and 1; Joannie Millard, “First Nat’l Lesbian Kiss-In,” Lesbian Tide, Dec. 1973, 3-4. [M]

26 October 1973: United Front of Gay Organizations protests against Sanford and Son program at Merchandise Mart in Chicago (30 participants). Primary sources: “Activists in Lather over NBC Slurs,” The Advocate, 21 Nov. 1973, 3; “Gays Zap NBC and Gillette,” Chicago Gay Crusader, Nov. 1973, 1, 6; Bruce Meisner, “Briefs,” Mattachine Midwest Newsletter, Dec. 1973, 9: “Media Images,” Gay Liberator, Feb. 1974, 2. [M] [B]

26 October 1973: Gay Raiders protest against Sanford and Son program on NBC Today program in New York (1 participant). Primary sources: Les Brown, “N.B.C. Acts after Complaints by Homosexual Organizations,” New York Times, 27 Oct.1973, 63; “NBC-TV to Consult ‘Gays’ on Programming after Raid,” Philadelphia Daily News, 27 Oct. 1973, 20; “Gay Philadelphian Invades ‘Today’ Set,” Philadelphia Inquirer, 27 Oct. 1973, B1; “Activists in Lather over NBC Slurs,” The Advocate, 21 Nov. 1973, 3; “Gays Zap NBC and Gillette,” Chicago Gay Crusader, Nov. 1973, 1, 6; “Gays Zap Media—And Each Other, Too,” The Advocate, 5 Dec. 1973, 4, 10; Bruce Meisner, “Briefs,” Mattachine Midwest Newsletter, Dec. 1973, 9: “Media Images,” Gay Liberator, Feb. 1974, 2. [M]

27 October 1973: Threatened GAA-NY zap of the Dick Cavett Show (followed by gay program on 27 November). Primary sources: “Gays to Be on Cavett Show,” Los Angeles Advocate, 25 Nov. 1970, 5. [M]

October 1973: LGBT protest against police harassment at Griffith Park in Los Angeles (30 participants). Primary sources: Doug Sarff, “‘Gay Patrol’ Helps L.A. Cops Guard Mother Nature,” The Advocate, 7 Nov. 1973, 3, 27. [O]

4 November 1973: Gays for Political Action and Youth Against War and Fascism Gay Caucus march to Rochester City Hall (24 participants). Primary sources: “Gays Demonstrate, Rap in Rochester,” The Advocate, 5 Dec. 1973, 17. [N]

21 November 1973: Gay Media Task Force demonstration against Los Angeles premier of So Long, Blue Boy (30 participants). Primary sources: “Media Task Force Pickets One Film, Eyes Fox Release,” The Advocate, 19 Dec. 1973, 4, 9. [M]

30 November 1973: Lesbian Feminist Liberation zap of the Dick Cavett Show in New York (25 participants). Primary sources: Lin Farley, “Gilder Gelded,” Lesbian Feminist, Dec. 1973, 1, 2; “Lesbians Zap Cavett Show: Ashes for an Anti-Gay Lib Author,” The Advocate, 2 Jan. 1974, 5; “Lesbian Feminists Protest on Cavett Show,” Sister, Jan. 1974, 4; Karla Jay, “Lesbians Zap Dick Cavett,” Lesbian Tide, Jan. 1974, 3; Elaine Loferty, letter to the editor, Sister, Feb. 1974, 7. [M]

9 December 1973: Inside-Out and Join Hands march to protest mistreatment of LGBT prisoners in San Francisco (100 participants). Primary sources: “Demonstrators Ask Gay Inmate Reforms,” The Advocate, 2 Jan. 1974, 10; “Gay Prison March & Rally,” Gay Sunshine, Feb. 1974, 3; “March for Prisoner Rights,” Gay Liberator, Mar. 1974, 3. [J]

11 December 1973: Inside-Out and Join Hands march to protest mistreatment of LGBT prisoners in Sacramento (30-40 participants). Primary sources: “Demonstrators Ask Gay Inmate Reforms,” The Advocate, 2 Jan. 1974, 10; “March for Prisoner Rights," Gay Liberator, Mar. 1974, 3. [J]

11 December 1973: Gay Raiders zap of The CBS Evening News with Walter Cronkite in New York (2 participants, 2 arrests). Primary sources: “Battler for Gay Rights Makes Cronkite Show,” Philadelphia Daily News, 12 Dec. 1973, 3; “2 Protesting Gay Raiders Surprise Cronkite on Air,” Philadelphia Inquirer, 12 Dec. 1973, B9; “‘Gay Raiders’ Invade Cronkite News Show,” New York Times, 12 Dec. 1973, 94; “Homosexual Protester Interrupts Cronkite Show,” Boston Globe, 12 Dec. 1973, 20; Joe Kennedy, “Raiders Pull Quick Opener on Cronkite,” The Advocate, 2 Jan. 1974, 2, 12; Larry Fields, “Jack (Kelly), Be Nimble,” Philadelphia Daily News, 14 Jan. 1974, 23; “Cronkite Called for Defense in ‘Zap’ Trial of Gay Raiders,” The Advocate, 13 Feb. 1974, 2; Richard Pfeiffer, “This Month,” Chicago Gay Crusader, Feb. 1974, 4; “CBS Newsman: We Deserve Zaps,” The Advocate, 27 Feb. 1974, 14; Larry Fields, “Big-Money Bingo Coming,” Philadelphia Daily News, 26 Mar. 1974, 43; “The Scene,” Philadelphia Inquirer, 10 Apr. 1974, 36; “Segal, Langhorne—Guilty!,” Weekly Philadelphia Gayzette, 5 July 1974, 1; Tommi, “Contribute to Gay Raider’s Defense Fund,” Weekly Philadelphia Gayzette, 26 July 1974, 2; “Two Flags: Segal and Cronkite,” Drummer, 27 Aug. 1974, 3; “Gay Raiders Guilty for the Cronkite Zap,” The Advocate, 31 July 1974, 13; “‘Morally Right, Legally Wrong,’” The Advocate, 28 Aug. 1974, 4; “2 ‘Gay Raiders’ Fined For Television Protest,” Philadelphia Inquirer, 5 Sep. 1974, D2. [M]

21 December 1973: Gays Against Media Bigotry picket of The Laughing Policeman at Cinema 21 in San Francisco. Primary sources: “San Francisco Chief Agrees with Gays: Fox Movie 'Offensive,’” The Advocate, 16 Jan. 1974, 3, 35; George Mendenhall, “Gay Rage Puzzles Police Film Co-Star,” The Advocate, 16 Jan. 1974, 3, 35. [M]

December 1973: Rev. Broshears-led picket of San Francisco Police Department benefit showing of The Laughing Policeman at the Palace of Fine Arts in San Francisco (20 participants). Primary sources: R. B. Bumpus, “From the Mailbag,” Bay Area Reporter, 9 Jan. 1974, 8; “San Francisco Chief Agrees with Gays: Fox Movie 'Offensive,’” The Advocate, 16 Jan. 1974, 3, 35. [M]